Source and treatment of industrial waste gas Composition is the leading cause of haze weather vocs many of organic waste gas emissions, this article first to vocs, summarized the origin of organic waste gases and damage combined with his environmental waste management experience for many years and are commonly used in waste management skills made a brief analysis and discussion, and then on the source of organic waste gas to take the most useful measures for the prevention and control of down the effects of pollutants on the human body and natural environment.
The primary provenance
VOCs emissions, it first refers to a kind of evaporation of organic matter, which is under normal temperature conditions, the vapor pressure of the full scale beyond 133.32 Pa, it under the condition of normal pressure fee of 50-260 ℃ range of organic compounds in atmospheric pressure and room temperature conditions, the next is mountable evaporation of an organic liquid and solid. VOCs exhaust emission sources are relatively many, and extremely complex, with human-oriented and natural origin as the main source. The origin of humanity mainly includes mobile source, day source and industrial source. The natural history mainly includes anaerobic process of wetland, forest fire, wildlife discharge, vegetation discharge, etc. VOCs waste gas is a kind of waste gas with relatively extensive distribution scale. To a certain extent, human activities are the source of VOCs emissions center. In daily practice, burning straw, building decoration, kitchen fume and so on will constitute and release the necessary quantitative VOCs waste gas. During the practical operation of engines of ships, planes and cars, it will also discharge mandatory VOCs waste gas. During the operation of industrialized production, chemical fiber, petroleum exercise and other relevant professional practices will also constitute a lot of VOCs waste gas, damaging part of the environment.
Fundamental damage analysis
Next to VOCs waste gas, there are a lot of evaporative organic compounds, including ammonia, ketones, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, acids, etc., which are extremely harmful to people's livelihood and production environment and health. During the period of industrial production, a lot of VOCs waste gas is usually released, which is of great harm, mainly reflected in the following aspects: if there is relatively high concentration of benzene vapor in the side of VOCs waste gas, it may directly cause the human body to present a deadly and acute toxic condition; In VOCs waste gas next to the compounds containing aromatic amine, organic nitrogen, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon organics, and so on, and these compounds have a high carcinogenic rate; This kind of benzoic acid organic matter in the side of VOCs waste gas, once enter human body, can cause human body to present the cell directly next to protein deformation or coagulation, constitute human body to present each kind of bad symptom to reflect; Once it enters the human body, it will directly enter the respiratory system and nervous system of the human body. As a result, the human body will present symptoms such as breathing difficulties, neurological disorders, asphyxia, and even endanger people's lives.
So, besides can constitute irreversible damage to the human body, after gradually VOCs waste gas emissions to the atmosphere, also can destroy the atmosphere of a temporary ozone, the greenhouse effect is more serious, will ultimately lead to changes in global climate presents adverse condition, which leads people to a living walls and produce of atmospheric environment day setting, ecological balance problem is more serious.
Discussion of traditional processing skills
1. Adsorption processing skills
In today's VOCs waste gas traditional processing skills, adsorption processing skills have been the most commonly used treatment skills. The basic principle of adsorption and treatment skill is to rationally use solid adsorbent, such as carbon fiber, molecular sieve, activated carbon, etc., for the constituted VOCs waste gas, to carry out useful treatment, adsorb and purify the VOCs waste gas and discharge it into the atmosphere.
To a certain extent, this kind of traditional adsorption processing skill has the greatest advantage in its low cost of practice, extensive practice and high net rate. So, for some organic waste gas with low air ratio, low concentration and temperature, this kind of adsorption treatment skill is more effective.
2. Incineration treatment skills
Among the traditional VOCs waste gas treatment skills, incineration treatment is also widely used. This incineration skill is, above all, the direct use of incineration, which turns VOCs waste gases and nearby pollutants into water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2). This incineration treatment skill can be divided into catalytic incineration, thermal incineration and direct incineration. Catalytic incineration, which mainly USES the catalytic auxiliary function, ends the oxidation during the abundant incineration of some organic gases, and releases the corresponding heat from those gases which are harmless in the process of homogenization. This incineration treatment skill has now entered the sophisticated stage of skills, which can finish the treatment of VOCs waste gas without heat. Thermodynamic incineration, which mainly USES some auxiliary fuel such as the addition of natural gas, to treat some organic waste gas of low concentration. Direct incineration is the first direct incineration of VOCs waste gas under high temperature conditions. This incineration treatment is suitable for high concentration of organic waste gas and high calorific value gas treatment.
New processing techniques
Biological processing skills
Biological treatment skills, which primarily use microorganisms to degrade the VOCs waste gas and organic pollutants next to it, thus creating a less harmful and perhaps harmless substance. VOCs is surrounded by many compounds that can damage the environment and human body, but they are also a source of carbon and power that can provide fundamental life resources for some microorganisms. Through the use of some cultivated and domesticated microorganisms, some of the pollutants can be useful into inorganic substances to achieve the best exhaust gas purification. After biological treatment skills to deal with VOCs waste gas, the use effect is relatively ideal, and there is no secondary pollution present. Therefore, the biological treatment skills in China have reached the stage of maturity.
2. Ability to handle photocatalytic oxidation
Photocatalytic oxidation treatment is a relatively new treatment of VOCs waste gas. This kind of treatment skill, the first under the action of light compose must chemical reaction, the harmful material near the waste gas is useful change into the harmless compound, the pollution of VOCs waste gas decreases. At present, the technology of photocatalytic oxidation treatment in China is still under further research. It is reported that through the photocatalytic oxidation treatment skills to VOCs waste gas treatment, VOCs waste gas next to the pollutant practical removal rate of around 80%, the use of more ideal.
3. Low temperature plasma processing skills
Low temperature plasma processing skills, its fundamental use principle for using the rf discharge and corona discharge skills such as the method, under the condition of normal pressure and room temperature to obtain a lot of active particles with high energy electrons, in many active particles with high energy electron interaction, the VOCs emissions down the poison useful compounds are converted into less harmful or harmless (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), etc. Low temperature plasma treatment skill is a new kind of VOCs waste gas useful treatment skill proposed and used in recent years in China. Now, in the treatment of VOCs waste gas, low-temperature plasma treatment has become the most advanced waste gas treatment skills, the use of more ideal.
2018 11/07